The #87196/#87720 conflict resolution kept the bounded-drain helper and
its constant; the windows_only kill-tree test still asserted the dropped
_CUA_INSTALLER_REAP_TIMEOUT name. Same 2-communicate contract, surviving
constant.
Re-enables the routine confirmed-upgrade path on Windows that #95008
deferred wholesale, now that every unattended-hostile surface is closed:
- stdin=DEVNULL (salvaged #79871): upstream's Read-Host consent prompt
can't block a hidden console.
- Bounded post-kill drain (salvaged #87720): a kill-surviving descendant
holding the stdout pipe can't strand the update past its ceiling.
- 120s background ceiling (salvaged #87196): safe now that a legitimate
600s lock wait can't occur on this path.
- NEW lock preflight: upstream's install lock held by a live process ->
skip in ~0s instead of eating its 600s stale-lock window (the actual
11-minute hang observed 2026-08-25; UAC was a red herring — base
install is no-admin by upstream design).
- NEW 5s network preflight: github.com unreachable -> skip immediately.
- Windows unattended runs pass -NoAutoStart, skipping the ONLY
install.ps1 branch that self-elevates (autostart task re-registration).
- Timeout diagnosability: partial installer output is logged on kill so
the next hang names its stage instead of dying silently.
Contract repairs and fresh installs stay interactive-only (SmartScreen /
first-time elevation legitimately need a human).
On Windows, `hermes update` can hang past its own 660s cua-driver timeout
until the user kills an orphaned PowerShell by hand. The timeout ceiling is
not the problem; the code that runs after it is.
`_run_cua_driver_installer` handles `TimeoutExpired` by killing the process
tree and then draining the pipes with a bare `proc.communicate()`. The kill
is best-effort by construction: every `psutil.Error` in `_kill_installer_tree`
is logged at debug level and stepped over, on the reasoning that a partly
killed tree beats none. That is the right call, but it means the drain has to
survive a partial kill, and an unbounded drain does not.
The concrete case is the one reported. `install.ps1` self-elevates through
`Start-Process -Verb RunAs`, so the descendant runs at High integrity and a
medium-integrity `child.kill()` raises `AccessDenied`. The per-child handler
logs it and continues. That survivor is still holding the `stdout=PIPE` write
handle it inherited, so the following `communicate()` waits for an EOF that
arrives only when somebody kills that process manually. A bounded 660s wait
becomes an unbounded one, after the warning has already printed.
Bound the drain instead. A kill that landed closes the pipe immediately, so
this costs nothing on the normal path; a kill that did not costs 15s rather
than forever. The original `TimeoutExpired` is re-raised either way, so the
existing manual re-run hint still prints and the update unwinds. Losing the
tail of a timed-out installer's log is the cheaper half of that trade, and it
is only lost in the case where the run already failed.
The drain deliberately does not close the pipe handles. `communicate()`'s
reader threads are still blocked on them and closing underneath them races;
they are daemon threads, so abandoning them does not hold the interpreter
open.
Both timeout handlers (streaming and captured) now go through one helper.
The streaming child inherits the console rather than a pipe, so it is much
harder to stall there, but the two branches should not drift on a rule this
small.
Tests: 5, in a new `TestInstallerTimeoutDrainIsBounded`. Two fail without the
fix, including the reported scenario end to end (a child kill refused with
`psutil.AccessDenied`, asserting the drain still carries a deadline). The
deadline is asserted as a kwarg rather than by timing, because a test that
proved the hang by hanging would be the same defect wearing a test's name.
Scope note: this does not touch the `stdin` inheritance that lets
`install.ps1`'s `Read-Host` block in the first place. That is #79684 and open
PR #79871 already carries the one-line `stdin=DEVNULL` fix; the two are
independent and neither subsumes the other, since `DEVNULL` cannot unblock a
UAC elevation dialog.
Fixes#87703
Follow-up to the salvaged #94296: the two guards covered the repair and
confirmed-update branches, but when cua-driver is enabled yet not
installed at all, control still reached _run_cua_driver_installer() and
an automatic 'hermes update' would launch the interactive install.ps1
anyway. Add the same defer before the installer run, keep POSIX
behavior unchanged, and give the confirmed-update message a natural
fallback when latest_version is unknown.
A same-day version-floor bump (0.20 runtime contract) left every install
with an older cua-driver hard-failing on all computer_use calls: the
start() gate fails closed, while the `hermes update` refresh defers to the
driver's own check-update verb — whose ~20h cache routinely answers "no
update available" right after we raise the floor. Hermes knew it required
0.20+ but never acted on that knowledge.
Two changes:
- tools_config.install_cua_driver(): a contract-failed installed driver is
repaired on the upgrade=True path too (previously only upgrade=False).
The contract failure itself is the confirmation, so the
require_confirmed_update gate and the check-update short-circuit are
bypassed for repairs — an indeterminate or stale-cached check can no
longer pin users on an unusable driver.
- cua_backend.CuaDriverBackend.start(): when the contract gate fails on an
installed binary, attempt one automatic repair per process via the
standard install path, then re-probe. HERMES_CUA_DRIVER_CMD overrides
are never repaired (explicit override is authoritative even when broken)
and a missing binary still just reports the install hint. A failing
installer can't loop: the second start() surfaces the original error.
Tests: contract-repair coverage in test_computer_use.py (auto-repair
success, failed repair surfaces the original error, once-per-process
guard, override never repaired, missing binary never repaired) and
test_install_cua_driver.py (incompatible driver repairs despite an
indeterminate check-update, check-update not consulted). All new tests
verified to fail against the unfixed source (sabotage run).
Live-testing the Cua Driver 0.20 convergence on Windows 11 (session 2,
cua-driver 0.20.0) surfaced three defects in the existing-profile browser
path and in install status.
1. The config grant was silently nullified by an approval bypass.
`--yolo` / `-z` map onto a private unrestricted daemon, which answers every
browser_prepare. Because the host delegated the entire existing-profile
decision to the driver, that bypass also nullified
`computer_use.grant_existing_profile: false`: a plain `hermes -z` attached
to the user's real Chrome profile and read live page content over CDP, with
the driver reporting it as "the approved existing Chromium profile". It was
never approved.
An approval bypass is consent to skip prompts, not consent to read an
existing profile's pages, cookies, and storage. CuaTypedBrowserRoute.prepare
now enforces the key itself, regardless of permission mode. bounded stays
exempt - its reviewed capability manifest is the authorization boundary.
The authorization inputs are resolved in the backend from config and the
backend's immutable mode, never from model-supplied kwargs.
2. The grant, once set, still could not be used.
With `grant_existing_profile: true` the runtime is launched
`--grant existing-profile` correctly, but cua_browser_prepare then hit a
runtime approval prompt anyway - re-asking the user to authorize what the
config already authorized, and making the documented opt-in unusable on any
non-interactive run, where the prompt has nobody to answer it and the call
dies on approval timeout. The durable, file-backed grant now stands in for
that prompt. Scope is narrow: only the existing-profile prepare, only when
the grant is present; isolated launches still prompt and any resolution
failure falls closed to prompting.
3. `computer-use status` hid a custom override and spliced its output.
With HERMES_CUA_DRIVER_CMD pointed at cmd.exe, status printed the child's
multi-line banner and prompt inside the one-line version field, never
mentioned the override, and advised `hermes computer-use install` - which
install itself (correctly) refuses to run against an overridden path. It now
names the override and mirrors install's update-or-unset guidance, and
version output is reduced to one bounded line.
Verified on the reported host: `-z` existing-profile attach now refuses and
names the key; `grant: true` no longer prompts (33s vs a 300s approval
timeout); status names the override and prints one line. No change to the
reconciliation path - driver SHA256 unchanged end to end.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
many tests patched sys.platform or a module's _IS_WINDOWS flag, then
ran on linux ci. the patch selects the branch under test, but the host
does not have the behavior the branch exists for. the test proves the
patch, not the platform. some gated assertions never ran on any host.
this commit adds three markers: linux_only, macos_only, windows_only.
a conftest hook skips a marked test on the other hosts, with a clear
reason. no test fakes a host now. two documented fakes remain
(android/termux, freebsd) because no ci runner exists for them.
each fake site got one of four treatments:
- gate it: the real host supplies the platform; mocks cover real
dependencies only, never host identity
- patch the module's own probe when the subject is the probe's consumer
- assert against the real host when the fake stood in for any non-x host
- delete the patch when it set the value the host already has
bare skipif(sys.platform != ...) guards became markers too. the lane
model skips these on linux and never imports them on windows, so they
ran on no host. platform parametrize tables are now one marked test
per os.
running on real hosts found real errors: a chrome-sandbox failure in
test_gui_command that main hides, and two windows failures fixed here.
the agents.md testing section now documents the policy.
Detect a missing cua-driver-serve scheduled task after the installer runs
and retry registration via Start-Process -FilePath/-ArgumentList instead of
interpolating the binary path into a PowerShell command string (which splits
at the first space in a username-space path).
Salvaged from #60880 by @embwl0x. Related: #60808.
The upstream cua-driver installer scripts on trycua/cua@main carry a
baked default version that Release Please bumps in the release PR
*before* the release assets are published. During that window an
unpinned installer run 404s on the asset download and the
`hermes update` cua-driver refresh fails with:
error: download failed: The remote server returned an error: (404) Not Found.
⚠ cua-driver refreshing did not complete. Re-run manually: ...
Observed live 2026-07-29: baked version 0.14.0 vs latest published
release 0.13.1 — every `hermes update` run with an out-of-date driver
hit the warning until upstream publishes the assets.
We already know the correct version: `cua-driver check-update --json`
returns `latest_version` straight from the GitHub Releases API, whose
entries by definition have published assets. When the check positively
confirms an update, export that version as CUA_DRIVER_RS_VERSION into
the installer child env (both install.sh and install.ps1 honour it over
their baked default), so the refresh downloads the release that
actually exists instead of racing the upstream release pipeline.
Malformed / missing latest_version values fall back to the previous
unpinned behaviour. The explicit `hermes computer-use install
--upgrade` force path and fresh installs are unchanged.
'Refreshing cua-driver (Computer Use)...' could hang for minutes on
Windows: when the driver's native check-update verb returned an
indeterminate result (old driver without the verb, offline, GitHub
rate-limited, or the probe timing out), install_cua_driver(upgrade=True)
fell through to the full upstream installer — a silent, output-captured
run with a 660s ceiling, plus install.ps1's 600s concurrency-lock wait
on Windows on top. Every 'hermes update' paid that cost.
Two changes:
- install_cua_driver() grows require_confirmed_update: with it set, an
indeterminate check keeps the installed version and returns fast,
printing the force path (hermes computer-use install --upgrade).
'hermes update' passes it; the explicit --upgrade CLI keeps the old
fall-through so a force refresh still works when the check can't
answer.
- cua_driver_update_check() default timeout is now 25s on Windows
(8s unchanged on POSIX): first-spawn of the exe under Defender /
SmartScreen routinely exceeds 8s, and a false timeout is exactly the
indeterminate result that used to trigger the multi-minute reinstall.
Replaces the POSIX `/bin/bash -c "$(curl …)"` invocation with a
download-then-exec flow: curl the upstream install.sh into a mkstemp
temp file (unpredictable name, 0600) and run it as a plain argv list.
No shell=True, no command substitution. The temp script is removed in
a finally block; download failures return cleanly without exec.
Salvages the intent of #34974 by @ErnestHysa. His original patch
targeted a fixed /tmp/cua-driver-install.sh path (symlink/TOCTOU-prone
on multi-user hosts) and predates Windows/Linux installer support;
this version uses mkstemp and keeps the powershell path untouched.
Co-authored-by: ErnestHysa <takis312@hotmail.com>
* fix(cli): unwedge cua-driver installer timeouts — group-kill on timeout, stale-lock pre-clear, 660s ceiling
The cua-driver refresh in hermes update could wedge permanently:
subprocess timeout (300s) killed only the outer shell, orphaning the
curl|bash grandchildren and the upstream installer's concurrent-install
lock (~/.cua-driver/packages/.install.lock.d). The installer only
reclaims a stale lock after 600s of waiting — longer than our old
ceiling — so every subsequent run was killed before recovery could
fire: 'always times out'.
- Run the installer in its own process group (start_new_session) and
SIGKILL the whole group on timeout, so no lock-holding orphans survive.
- Pre-clear a provably-stale lock (dead holder pid, or pid-less and
older than the upstream 600s window) before invoking the installer.
- Raise the ceiling to 660s (> upstream LOCK_STALE_AFTER_SECONDS=600).
- Timeout message now names the lock path and the manual re-run command.
Fixes#58762
* chore: suppress windows-footgun lint on platform-gated kill calls
Both sites are POSIX-only: _clear_stale_cua_install_lock early-returns
on win32, and os.killpg sits in the 'not is_windows' branch.
f-trycua's #50855 test file predated the cross-platform PR (#50552) and
reintroduced two stale tests asserting Linux is unsupported
(test_*_non_macos_*, patching platform.system="Linux" and expecting a
no-op/warn). Linux + Windows are supported now, so install proceeds on
those platforms. Restore main's cross-platform-correct versions:
test_*_on_unsupported_platform_* using FreeBSD as the genuinely
unsupported case.
`hermes computer-use install` refused to install on Linux, Windows, and
macOS x86_64 because the pre-install asset probe was hitting the wrong
GitHub endpoint AND duplicating tag-resolution logic the upstream
installer already does correctly.
`_check_cua_driver_asset_for_arch()` queried
`https://api.github.com/repos/trycua/cua/releases/latest`. On trycua/cua:
- cua-driver-rs releases (the binary the installer fetches) are marked
**prerelease** on every cut. GitHub's `/releases/latest` explicitly
skips prereleases.
- The Python package releases (`cua-agent`, `cua-computer`, `cua-train`)
are non-prerelease and end up as the "latest" instead.
Live API check today:
$ curl -sf https://api.github.com/repos/trycua/cua/releases/latest \
| jq '{tag:.tag_name, asset_count: (.assets|length)}'
{ "tag": "agent-v0.8.3", "asset_count": 0 }
The probe sees zero assets, prints "Latest CUA release has no Linux
x86_64 asset", and skips install on every Linux / Windows / macOS-x86_64
host — even though the cua-driver-rs-v0.6.0 release ships 19 binary
assets covering all those platforms.
Filtering `/releases?per_page=N` for the `cua-driver-rs-v*` prefix
fixes the bug, but it duplicates tag-resolution logic the upstream
`_install-rust.sh` already does correctly via `CUA_DRIVER_RS_BAKED_VERSION`
(auto-baked by CD on every release, with a `/releases?per_page=N` API
fallback for dev checkouts). The right answer is to trust that
contract instead of mirroring it in Python where it can drift.
Two paths get the same outcome without the probe:
1. **Fresh install**: run `install.sh` directly. It has the baked
release tag, fetches the right asset, and errors with a clear
message on missing-arch downloads. No preflight needed.
2. **Upgrade path**: `cua_driver_update_check()` (separately added)
shells `cua-driver check-update --json` against the installed
binary, which returns the canonical update answer from the same
source the installer uses.
- `hermes_cli/tools_config.py`: delete `_check_cua_driver_asset_for_arch`
and its two call sites in `install_cua_driver`. Replace with an
inline comment near the top of the module explaining the rationale.
- `tests/hermes_cli/test_install_cua_driver.py`: drop the
`TestCheckCuaDriverAssetForArch` block. Add `TestArchProbeRemoval`
with three regressions:
- `test_probe_function_is_gone` — asserts the deleted helpers stay
deleted.
- `test_fresh_install_does_not_call_github_api` — asserts the
install path doesn't hit GitHub directly from Python anymore.
- `test_upgrade_with_binary_does_not_call_github_api_directly` —
same for the upgrade path.
All 9 `test_install_cua_driver` tests pass.
Reported by @teknium1 while testing on a headed Ubuntu host.
The install pre-flight asset probe queried trycua/cua's `releases/latest`,
which floats across the monorepo's components (agent-*, computer-*, lume-*,
train-*) — most ship zero binary assets. So the probe false-negatived and
hard-blocked `install_cua_driver` (line 770: `if not probe: return False`)
BEFORE the upstream installer ran, on Linux, Windows, and Intel macOS — even
though the installer it gates resolves the right tag and would have succeeded.
Net effect: the normal enable path (`hermes tools` → Computer Use post-setup,
and `hermes computer-use install`) refused to install on every platform this
PR claims to support.
Fix: list `/releases?per_page=100`, pick the newest `cua-driver-rs-v*` tag,
and match its assets on OS-token + arch — mirroring what the upstream
`install.sh` already does. Fail open if no driver release surfaces (installer
remains the source of truth). Adds an OS-token gate so a darwin asset can't
satisfy a Linux probe.
Tests: updated the install-probe fixtures to the list-of-releases shape with
`cua-driver-rs-v*` tags + OS-token asset names; added a regression guard
(`test_releases_latest_tag_ignored_picks_driver_rs_tag`) for the monorepo
floating-latest case. 25/25 install + 192 computer_use tests green.
Verified live: probe returns True for all six platform/arch combos against
the real GitHub releases API.
Make the computer_use toolset platform-agnostic by driving cua-driver on
macOS, Windows, and Linux. Consumes the 8 cua-driver decoupling surfaces
(capability discovery, structuredContent AX tree, opaque element_token,
click button enum, explicit mimeType, machine-readable manifest,
structured list_windows, structured health_report), each degrading
gracefully on older drivers.
Adds `hermes computer-use doctor` (drives cua-driver health_report with a
per-OS check matrix and an exit 0/1/2 ok/degraded/blocked contract), full
typed wrappers for the previously-uncovered cua-driver tools plus a generic
call_tool escape hatch, per-session agent-cursor lifecycle, platform-aware
system-prompt guidance (host-deterministic, cache-safe), and honors
HERMES_CUA_DRIVER_CMD end-to-end.
Replaces the macOS-only skills/apple/macos-computer-use skill with a
cross-platform skills/computer-use skill, and refreshes the EN + zh-Hans
docs.
Supersedes #44221 (Windows-enablement salvage of #30660).
Co-authored-by: Teknium <127238744+teknium1@users.noreply.github.com>
The upstream cua-driver installer resolves the latest release and attempts
to download an architecture-specific asset. When the release only ships
arm64 builds (as of v0.1.6), the installer fails with a raw 404 on Intel
macOS with no clear path forward.
Add _check_cua_driver_asset_for_arch() that probes the GitHub Releases API
before running the installer. If the latest release has no x86_64/amd64
asset, print a clear warning and link to the upstream issue. On arm64 or
API failure, fail open and let the installer proceed as before.
Fixes#24530
Six days after #23937 (608 fixes) the codebase had accumulated 241 new
PLR6201 violations. Same mechanical `x in (...)` → `x in {...}` fix,
same zero-risk profile: set lookup is O(1) vs O(n) for tuple and the
two are semantically equivalent for hashable scalar membership tests.
All 241 instances fixed via `ruff check --select PLR6201 --fix
--unsafe-fixes`, zero remaining. Every changed value is a hashable
scalar (str/int/None/enum/signal); no risk of unhashable runtime
errors. No behavior change.
Test plan:
- 119 files changed, +244/-244 (net zero) — exactly one-line edits
- `ruff check` clean afterward
- Compile checks pass on the largest touched files (cli.py, run_agent.py,
gateway/run.py, gateway/platforms/discord.py, model_tools.py)
- Subset broad test run on tests/gateway/ tests/hermes_cli/ tests/agent/
tests/tools/: 18187 passed, 59 pre-existing failures (verified against
origin/main with the same shape — identical failure count, identical
category — all xdist test-order flakes unrelated to this change)
Follows the same template as PR #23937 ([tracker: #23972](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/issues/23972)).
cua-driver was only installed once on toolset enable: `_run_post_setup` early-returns when the binary is already on PATH, so upstream fixes (e.g. v0.1.6 Safari window-focus fix) never reached existing users without manual reinstall.
Two refresh points now:
- `hermes update` re-runs the upstream installer at the end of the update if cua-driver is on PATH (macOS-only, no-op otherwise). Ties driver freshness to the user-controlled update cadence — no startup latency, no per-launch GitHub API call.
- `hermes computer-use install --upgrade` for manual force-refresh.
The upstream `install.sh` always pulls the latest release, so re-running is the canonical upgrade path. No version-comparison logic needed.
`hermes computer-use status` now shows the installed version, and points at `--upgrade` for refreshing.
Teknium