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hermes-agent/tools/web_result_cache.py
T
Teknium 8adef09be8 fix(web): extract cache serves only after policy + provider gates; rescue and format/provider isolation
Review fixes for #94618 (all three blockers reproduced by the reviewer
through the real web_extract_tool):

1. Cache lookup moved AFTER provider resolution and strict-selection
   validation, and gated per-URL on the website blocklist policy — a
   blocklist-blocked or misconfigured-backend call now behaves exactly
   as it would without a cache instead of serving cached content.
2. Rescue-served extract batches are never cached (mirrors the search
   memo's exclusion), keeping one-shot rescue one-shot.
3. Cache entries now get dedicated per-(url, format, provider) files
   instead of sharing the URL-keyed truncate-store file — html and
   markdown (or two backends') copies of one URL no longer overwrite
   each other, and switching extract backends within the TTL never
   serves the old backend's rendering.

Also from review: per-process index tmp filename (cross-process writers
can no longer truncate each other mid-write) and held flight locks are
never evicted from the bounded lock table (eviction could have allowed
a duplicate paid request).

New regression tests for formats/provider keying; E2E harness extended
with policy-block, strict-selection, rescue-two-call, and dual-format
scenarios — 6/6 pass; original 13/13 still pass.
2026-08-25 04:21:45 -07:00

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"""Result caching for web_search / web_extract.
Two caches, both TTL-bounded (default 20 minutes, ``web.cache_ttl_minutes``):
* **Search memo** — in-memory, per-process. Keyed by (provider, normalized
query, bucketed limit). Concurrent identical queries are single-flighted:
the first caller performs the paid request while the rest wait and share
the response. Requested limits are bucketed up to 10/20/50/100 so
near-identical requests (limit=5 vs limit=8) share one entry; callers get
their requested count sliced from the bucket.
* **Extract cache** — disk-backed, cross-process. Reuses the existing
``cache/web`` full-text store (the same files the truncate-store footer
points read_file at) plus a small JSON sidecar index mapping URL digest →
(file, fetched_at, title). A repeat ``web_extract`` of the same URL within
TTL reads the stored clean text back instead of re-scraping, then re-runs
the normal truncate pipeline with the caller's char_limit.
Why this lives here and not in generic tool dispatch (issue #8126): a
dispatch-level memo would have to reason about middleware, approval gates,
and hooks on cache hits. Down here the cache sits *after* every safety check
(secret-in-URL, SSRF, policy) and *before* the paid vendor call — hits skip
only the network request, never a control.
Disable with ``web.cache_enabled: false``; both TTLs come from
``web.cache_ttl_minutes``. Only successful responses are ever cached.
"""
import hashlib
import json
import logging
import os
import re
import threading
import time
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# Requested search limits are rounded UP to one of these buckets so cache
# keys collide on purpose (idea borrowed from Apodex FrontierAgent's
# web_search num-bucketing). Callers get their requested count sliced out.
_LIMIT_BUCKETS = (10, 20, 50, 100)
DEFAULT_TTL_MINUTES = 20
# Extract-index sidecar filename inside cache/web.
_INDEX_FILENAME = "extract-index.json"
# Cap index growth; oldest entries evicted past this.
_INDEX_MAX_ENTRIES = 500
def _web_config() -> dict:
try:
from tools.web_tools import _load_web_config
return _load_web_config()
except Exception: # noqa: BLE001 — config problems must never break tools
return {}
def cache_enabled() -> bool:
"""Both caches honor ``web.cache_enabled`` (default: on)."""
val = _web_config().get("cache_enabled")
if val is None:
return True
return bool(val)
def ttl_seconds() -> float:
"""TTL from ``web.cache_ttl_minutes`` (default 20, clamped 1–1440)."""
raw = _web_config().get("cache_ttl_minutes")
try:
minutes = float(raw) if raw is not None else DEFAULT_TTL_MINUTES
except (TypeError, ValueError):
minutes = DEFAULT_TTL_MINUTES
minutes = max(1.0, min(minutes, 1440.0))
return minutes * 60.0
def bucket_limit(limit: int) -> int:
"""Round a requested result count up to the nearest bucket."""
for b in _LIMIT_BUCKETS:
if limit <= b:
return b
return _LIMIT_BUCKETS[-1]
def normalize_query(query: str) -> str:
"""Case-fold and collapse whitespace so trivial variants share an entry."""
return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", (query or "").strip().lower())
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Search memo (in-memory, single-flight)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
class SearchMemo:
"""TTL memo + single-flight coalescer for search responses.
Thread-safe: web tools run inside the parallel tool-dispatch thread pool
and subagents share this process, so identical queries can genuinely race.
Per-key locks make the losers of that race wait for (and share) the
winner's response instead of issuing their own paid request.
"""
def __init__(self) -> None:
self._store: Dict[tuple, Tuple[float, dict]] = {}
self._store_lock = threading.Lock()
self._key_locks: Dict[tuple, threading.Lock] = {}
def _key(self, provider: str, query: str, limit: int) -> tuple:
return (provider, normalize_query(query), bucket_limit(limit))
def lookup(self, provider: str, query: str, limit: int) -> Optional[dict]:
if not cache_enabled():
return None
key = self._key(provider, query, limit)
with self._store_lock:
hit = self._store.get(key)
if hit is None:
return None
expires, response = hit
if time.monotonic() >= expires:
del self._store[key]
return None
logger.info("web_search cache hit: %r via %s", query, provider)
return json.loads(json.dumps(response)) # defensive copy
def store(self, provider: str, query: str, limit: int, response: dict) -> None:
"""Cache a SUCCESSFUL response for the bucketed key."""
if not cache_enabled():
return
if not isinstance(response, dict) or not response.get("success"):
return
key = self._key(provider, query, limit)
with self._store_lock:
# Opportunistic expiry sweep to bound memory.
now = time.monotonic()
for k in [k for k, (exp, _) in self._store.items() if now >= exp]:
del self._store[k]
self._store[key] = (now + ttl_seconds(), json.loads(json.dumps(response)))
def flight_lock(self, provider: str, query: str, limit: int) -> threading.Lock:
"""Per-key lock for single-flight coalescing.
Callers hold this around lookup-miss → paid request → store, so a
concurrent identical call blocks until the winner has stored, then
finds the entry on its own lookup.
"""
key = self._key(provider, query, limit)
with self._store_lock:
lock = self._key_locks.get(key)
if lock is None:
# Bound the lock table alongside the store — but never evict
# a HELD lock: dropping one lets a concurrent identical
# request mint a fresh lock and issue a duplicate paid call
# (review finding on #94618). locked() under _store_lock is
# a safe snapshot because flight locks are only ever
# acquired by callers that already hold a reference.
if len(self._key_locks) > 256:
self._key_locks = {
k: v for k, v in self._key_locks.items() if v.locked()
}
lock = threading.Lock()
self._key_locks[key] = lock
return lock
def clear(self) -> None:
"""Drop all cached entries (tests; config changes)."""
with self._store_lock:
self._store.clear()
self._key_locks.clear()
search_memo = SearchMemo()
def slice_search_response(response: dict, limit: int) -> dict:
"""Trim a bucketed response's result list down to the caller's limit."""
try:
web = response.get("data", {}).get("web")
if isinstance(web, list) and len(web) > limit:
out = json.loads(json.dumps(response))
out["data"]["web"] = out["data"]["web"][:limit]
return out
except Exception: # noqa: BLE001
pass
return response
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Extract cache (disk-backed, reuses cache/web)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
_index_lock = threading.Lock()
def _cache_dir() -> Optional[Path]:
try:
from hermes_constants import get_hermes_dir
d = get_hermes_dir("cache/web", "web_cache")
d.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
return d
except Exception: # noqa: BLE001
return None
def _index_path() -> Optional[Path]:
d = _cache_dir()
return (d / _INDEX_FILENAME) if d else None
def _load_index() -> dict:
path = _index_path()
if path is None or not path.exists():
return {}
try:
data = json.loads(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
return data if isinstance(data, dict) else {}
except Exception: # noqa: BLE001 — corrupt index == empty cache
return {}
def _save_index(index: dict) -> None:
path = _index_path()
if path is None:
return
try:
if len(index) > _INDEX_MAX_ENTRIES:
newest = sorted(
index.items(),
key=lambda kv: kv[1].get("fetched_at", 0),
reverse=True,
)[:_INDEX_MAX_ENTRIES]
index = dict(newest)
# Per-process tmp name: CLI, gateway, cron, and subagent processes
# all write this index; a shared fixed tmp filename would let two
# concurrent writers truncate each other mid-write. os.replace is
# atomic per writer, so the worst cross-process outcome is one
# writer's entry winning — a lost cache insert, never a torn file.
tmp = path.with_suffix(f".tmp.{os.getpid()}")
tmp.write_text(json.dumps(index), encoding="utf-8")
tmp.replace(path)
except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001
logger.debug("Failed to save web extract cache index: %s", exc)
def _url_digest(url: str, format: Optional[str], provider: str = "") -> str:
# format AND provider participate in the key: an html extract is not a
# markdown one, and one backend's rendering of a page is not another's.
raw = f"{url}\n{format or 'markdown'}\n{provider or ''}"
return hashlib.sha256(raw.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[:16]
def _entry_file_path(url: str, format: Optional[str], provider: str) -> Optional[Path]:
"""Dedicated cache file per (url, format, provider) entry.
Deliberately NOT the truncate-store file from ``_store_full_text`` — that
filename keys on URL alone, so html/markdown (or two providers') copies
of one URL would overwrite each other (review finding on #94618). The
truncate-store file keeps its role for read_file paging; these files
exist only for cache reuse and carry the full key in their name.
"""
d = _cache_dir()
if d is None:
return None
try:
from urllib.parse import urlparse
host = (urlparse(url).hostname or "page").replace(":", "_")
slug = re.sub(r"[^A-Za-z0-9._-]", "-", host)[:60].strip("-") or "page"
except Exception: # noqa: BLE001
slug = "page"
return d / f"{slug}-{_url_digest(url, format, provider)}.cache.md"
def extract_cache_get(
url: str,
format: Optional[str] = None,
provider: str = "",
) -> Optional[dict]:
"""Return {'url','title','content'} for a fresh cached page, else None."""
if not cache_enabled():
return None
with _index_lock:
index = _load_index()
entry = index.get(_url_digest(url, format, provider))
if not entry:
return None
if (time.time() - float(entry.get("fetched_at", 0))) >= ttl_seconds():
return None
try:
file_path = Path(entry["file"])
cache_root = _cache_dir()
# The index is plain JSON on disk; never let a tampered entry read
# outside cache/web.
if cache_root is None or cache_root.resolve() not in file_path.resolve().parents:
return None
content = file_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
except Exception: # noqa: BLE001 — evicted/pruned file == miss
return None
logger.info("web_extract cache hit: %s", url)
return {
"url": url,
"title": entry.get("title", ""),
"content": content,
"error": None,
"cached": True,
}
def extract_cache_put(
url: str,
content: str,
title: str = "",
format: Optional[str] = None,
provider: str = "",
) -> None:
"""Store one successful extraction's full clean text for TTL reuse.
Writes a dedicated per-(url, format, provider) cache file (see
``_entry_file_path``) — never the URL-keyed truncate-store file, which
different formats/providers would overwrite. Pages larger than the
truncate-store ceiling are not cached: serving a capped copy back as if
whole would silently lose the tail.
"""
if not cache_enabled() or not content:
return
try:
from tools.web_tools import MAX_STORED_TEXT_CHARS
if len(content) > MAX_STORED_TEXT_CHARS:
return
file_path = _entry_file_path(url, format, provider)
if file_path is None:
return
from tools.spill_safety import write_text_exclusive
write_text_exclusive(file_path, content, private=False, overwrite=True)
with _index_lock:
index = _load_index()
index[_url_digest(url, format, provider)] = {
"url": url,
"file": str(file_path),
"title": title or "",
"fetched_at": time.time(),
}
_save_index(index)
except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001 — cache writes are best-effort
logger.debug("Failed to cache web extract for %s: %s", url, exc)